Another study using chronic stress by intermittent social isolation for the first 3 months of life showed that male offspring (F1) of stressed chickens (F0) have altered expression of over 40 genes in the brain. 80 While the study did not focus on behavioral or molecular aspects of traumatic stress, it was the first to suggest intergenerational inheritance in response to stress in birds. In domesticated chickens ( Gallus gallus), gene expression and feeding behavior are altered in the offspring (F1) of animals exposed to unpredictable food access. Mansuy, in Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, 2018 2.1.2 Non-rodent Studies The total protein content was determinated spectrophotometrically at 280 nm and was represented as L-tyrosin concentration (Lopez, 1972).Īli Jawaid. Amylase activity was determinated by modification of the Norlting and Bernfield method and was quoted in arbitrary units (Hickson, 1970 a).
Timed consecutive samples of pancreatic juice were collected and inmediately stored at −20☌ until analysis. The flow of pancreatic juice was measured with a drop-counter and arterial blood pressure was recorded with a transducer connected to a polythene catheter inserted into the right carotid artery. Through a lateral laparatomy, the pylorus was tied, the main pancreatic duct and the biliary ducts were cannulated. Square wave shocks of controlled frequency, strength, and duration were delivered from a stimulator. The left vagus nerve in the neck was exposed After cutting, the peripheral end was stimulated with bipolar electrodes. The animals were deeply sedated with Diacepam (30 mg/Kg, i.v.). Ten broiler chickens ( Gallus Gallus L.), weighing 1.8 to 2.0 Kg. LOPEZ, in Exogenous and Endogenous Influences on Metabolic and Neural Control, 1982 MATERIALS AND METHODS
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